INDUSTRIES industry is the activity concerned with the processing of raw materials and manufacturing of finished goods in factoroes. the paper industry is involved in the process of converting wood pulp (raw, arterials) into paper (finished good).
REQUIREMENTS OF AN INDUSTRYhttp://Process Industries | AFRY
The thing or resoures required by an industry are called factors of production. money (fiancé) is needed to pay for these factors of production. the various factors are discussed on the next page.
RAW MATERIAL
Cotton, jute, sugar, cane, wood, wool and leather, metals and minerals are some raw materials. an industry has to purchase the raw materials it requires.
LABOUR
- Workers, engineers, mangers and owners working in factories, industries and offices provide the necessary labour.
- The labour is either salaried or paid on a daily wage basic.
MACHINERY
- Equipment, tools and machines are required to convert the raw materials into finished products.
- payment is made for the purchase and installation of the machinery. Operational charges such as water Bills and electricity bills are paid by the industry.
TYPE OF INDUSTRIES
Industries are mainly classified into two categories.
- Based on the raw materials used
- Based on the scale of operation
Depending upon the type of raw material used, the different types of industries are as follows.
- a. Agro_based industries such as textile and food processing industries. such industries use agriculture products as their raw material.
- b. Mineral based industries such as iron and steel industry and oil refineries. Such industries use minerals as their raw material.
- c. Forest based industries such as printing and lac industries. such industries use forest products as their raw material.
LARGE _SCALE INDUSTRIES
- * These industries employ a large number of skilled labours.
- * Raw materials are used in huge quantities.
- * The finished goods are produced in huge quantities, and are of high value.
- * Examples of these industries are the iron and steel industries, shipbuilding industry and the automobile industry.
SMALL_SCALE INDUSTRIES
- * These industries employ fewer people.
- * Smaller machines are used as compared to a large_scale industries
- * Garments, utensils, plastic goods and small electrical goods such as ovens and toasters are manufactures in small-scale industries.
COTTAGE INDUSTRIES
SOME IMPORTANT INDYSTRIES IN INDIA
Cotton, textile: It is one of the earlier industries tube set up in India. India is one of the world leading producers of cotton textiles. The major cotton mills are located in Mumbai, Ahmedabad, Coimbatore, Kolkata, Kanpur and Madurai.
Skill textiles and woollen textiles: Silk is a natural thread obtained from silkworms. silk textile industries are located mainly in Bengaluru, Mysuru/Mysuru, Varanasi, Kanchipuram and Murshidabad. Woollen textile industries are located in Amritsar, Ludhiana, Srinagar and Panipat.
Iron and steel: These large-scale industries are located near iron ore and coal mines. The main centres of iron and steel production are Jamshedpur, Bhilai, Bokaro, Durgapur, Rourkela, Visakhapatnam and Salem. This industry also supports many small industries called ancillary industries.
Automobile: The main centres of automobile and automobile_ related products are Gurugram, Pune, Chennai,Nashik,Jabalpur and Jamshedpur.
Electronic goods: Electronic goods industries arelocated in Bengaluru , Mumbai, Chennai, Hyderabad, Pune, kolkata and Delhi.
Shipbuildings: Ships are built at shipyard, which are at Mumbai, Kochi, Viskhapatnam and Marmagao.
Engineering goods: Goods like watches, machine tools telephones and tractors are made by engineering indisries located at Bengaluru, Kanpur, Mumbai, Gurugram, and Kolkata.
Oil refineries: Oil refineries which refine petroleum and produce petroleum_related products are located in Mathura, Gujarat and Assam.https://queenji.com/2024/10/18/industries/↗
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Oil refineries which refine petroleum and produce petroleum_related products are located in Mathura, Gujarat and